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      Class 10 Social Studies

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      • Class 10
      • Class 10 Social Studies
      CoursesClass 10Social StudiesClass 10 Social Studies
      • Civics
        24
        • Lecture1.1
          Power Sharing 41 min
        • Lecture1.2
          Chapter Notes – Power Sharing
        • Lecture1.3
          NCERT Solutions – Power Sharing
        • Lecture1.4
          Federalism 01 hour
        • Lecture1.5
          Chapter Notes – Federalism
        • Lecture1.6
          NCERT Solutions – Federalism
        • Lecture1.7
          Gender Caste 01 hour 04 min
        • Lecture1.8
          Chapter Notes – Gender Caste
        • Lecture1.9
          NCERT Solutions – Gender Caste
        • Lecture1.10
          Popular Struggles 01 hour 18 min
        • Lecture1.11
          Chapter Notes – Popular Struggles
        • Lecture1.12
          NCERT Solutions – Popular Struggles
        • Lecture1.13
          Political Parties 55 min
        • Lecture1.14
          Chapter Notes – Political Parties
        • Lecture1.15
          NCERT Solutions – Political Parties
        • Lecture1.16
          Democracy and Diversity 49 min
        • Lecture1.17
          Chapter Notes – Democracy and Diversity
        • Lecture1.18
          NCERT Solutions – Democracy and Diversity
        • Lecture1.19
          Outcome of Democracy 41 min
        • Lecture1.20
          Chapter Notes – Outcome of Democracy
        • Lecture1.21
          NCERT Solutions – Outcome of Democracy
        • Lecture1.22
          Challenges to Democracy 53 min
        • Lecture1.23
          Chapter Notes – Challenges to Democracy
        • Lecture1.24
          NCERT Solutions – Challenges to Democracy
      • Economics
        37
        • Lecture2.1
          Development 1 – Introduction 57 min
        • Lecture2.2
          Development 2 – Levels of Devplopment-Individual 23 min
        • Lecture2.3
          Development 3 – Levels of Development-National 32 min
        • Lecture2.4
          Development 4 – Development in Country, Type of Resources 10 min
        • Lecture2.5
          Development 5 – Levels of Devplopment-Individual_English 23 min
        • Lecture2.6
          Development 6 – Levels of Devplopment-National_English 32 min
        • Lecture2.7
          Development 7 – Development in Country, Type of Resources_English 10 min
        • Lecture2.8
          Chapter Notes – Development
        • Lecture2.9
          NCERT Solutions – Development
        • Lecture2.10
          Money and Credit 1 38 min
        • Lecture2.11
          Money and Credit 2 23 min
        • Lecture2.12
          Money and Credit 3 23 min
        • Lecture2.13
          Chapter Notes – Money and Credit
        • Lecture2.14
          NCERT Solutions – Money and Credit
        • Lecture2.15
          Sectors of Indian Economy 1- Introduction 44 min
        • Lecture2.16
          Sectors of Indian Economy 2 – Some Important Terms, Activity in Primary and Secondary Sector, Teritary Sector 01 hour 06 min
        • Lecture2.17
          Sectors of Indian Economy 3 – Devision of Sectors as Organised and Unorganised 21 min
        • Lecture2.18
          Sectors of Indian Economy 4 – Some Important Terms, Activity in Primary and Secondary Sector, Teritary Sector_English 01 hour 06 min
        • Lecture2.19
          Sectors of Indian Economy 5 – Devision of Sectors as Organised and Unorganised_English 21 min
        • Lecture2.20
          Chapter Notes – Sectors of Indian Economy
        • Lecture2.21
          NCERT Solutions – Sectors of Indian Economy
        • Lecture2.22
          Globalization of the Indian Economy 1- Globalization of the Indian Economy 01 hour 39 min
        • Lecture2.23
          Globalization of the Indian Economy 2- Economics Polices, Captalist Economy, Socialist Economy 34 min
        • Lecture2.24
          Globalization of the Indian Economy 3- Production Activity, Interlinking Production Across Countries 23 min
        • Lecture2.25
          Globalization of the Indian Economy 4 – Forien Trade and Integration of Market, 20 min
        • Lecture2.26
          Globalization of the Indian Economy 5 – Factors That Have Enabled Globalisation, Steps to Attract Foreign Investment 24 min
        • Lecture2.27
          Globalization of the Indian Economy 6 – Economics Polices, Captalist Economy, Socialist Economy_English 34 min
        • Lecture2.28
          Globalization of the Indian Economy 7 – Production Activity, Interlinking Production Across Countries_English 23 min
        • Lecture2.29
          Globalization of the Indian Economy 8 – Forien Trade and Integration of Market_English 20 min
        • Lecture2.30
          Globalization of the Indian Economy 9 – Factors That Have Enabled Globalisation, Steps to Attract Foreign Investment_English 25 min
        • Lecture2.31
          Chapter Notes – Globalization of the Indian Economy
        • Lecture2.32
          NCERT Solutions – Globalization of the Indian Economy
        • Lecture2.33
          Consumer Rights 1 – Introduction 45 min
        • Lecture2.34
          Consumer Rights 2 – Goods and Services, Unfair Trade Practices 31 min
        • Lecture2.35
          Consumer Rights 3 – Different Types of Rights 42 min
        • Lecture2.36
          Chapter Notes – Consumer Rights
        • Lecture2.37
          NCERT Solutions – Consumer Rights
      • Geography
        28
        • Lecture3.1
          Resources and Development 1 53 min
        • Lecture3.2
          Resources and Development 2 44 min
        • Lecture3.3
          Chapter Notes – Resources and Development
        • Lecture3.4
          NCERT Solutions – Resources and Development
        • Lecture3.5
          Forest and Wildlife 48 min
        • Lecture3.6
          Chapter Notes – Forest and Wildlife
        • Lecture3.7
          NCERT Solutions – Forest and Wildlife
        • Lecture3.8
          Water Resources 1 12 min
        • Lecture3.9
          Water Resources 2 49 min
        • Lecture3.10
          Chapter Notes – Water Resources
        • Lecture3.11
          Agriculture 1 01 hour 06 min
        • Lecture3.12
          Agriculture 2 10 min
        • Lecture3.13
          Chapter Notes – Agriculture
        • Lecture3.14
          Minerals and Energy Resources 1 45 min
        • Lecture3.15
          Minerals and Energy Resources 2 58 min
        • Lecture3.16
          Minerals and Energy Resources 3 49 min
        • Lecture3.17
          Minerals and Energy Resources 4 38 min
        • Lecture3.18
          Chapter Notes – Minerals and Energy Resources
        • Lecture3.19
          Lifeline of National Economy 1 37 min
        • Lecture3.20
          Lifeline of National Economy 2 26 min
        • Lecture3.21
          Lifeline of National Economy 3 40 min
        • Lecture3.22
          Lifeline of National Economy 4 29 min
        • Lecture3.23
          Lifeline of National Economy 5 33 min
        • Lecture3.24
          Chapter Notes – Lifeline of National Economy
        • Lecture3.25
          NCERT Solutions – Lifeline of National Economy
        • Lecture3.26
          Manufacturing Industries 02 hour
        • Lecture3.27
          Chapter Notes – Manufacturing Industries
        • Lecture3.28
          NCERT Solutions – Manufacturing Industries
      • History
        28
        • Lecture4.1
          The Age of Industrialization 01 hour
        • Lecture4.2
          Chapter Notes – The Age of Industrialization
        • Lecture4.3
          NCERT Solutions – The Age of Industrialization
        • Lecture4.4
          Rise of Nationalism in Europe 01 hour
        • Lecture4.5
          Chapter Notes – Rise of Nationalism in Europe
        • Lecture4.6
          NCERT Solutions – Rise of Nationalism in Europe
        • Lecture4.7
          The Making of a Global World 01 hour
        • Lecture4.8
          Chapter Notes – The Making of a Global World
        • Lecture4.9
          NCERT Solutions – The Making of a Global World
        • Lecture4.10
          Globalization – Part 1 01 hour
        • Lecture4.11
          Globalization – Part 2 42 min
        • Lecture4.12
          Work Life Leisure 01 hour
        • Lecture4.13
          The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 1 35 min
        • Lecture4.14
          The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 2 01 hour
        • Lecture4.15
          The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 3 59 min
        • Lecture4.16
          Nationalist Movement in India 1 23 min
        • Lecture4.17
          Nationalist Movement in India 2 51 min
        • Lecture4.18
          Nationalist Movement in India 3 01 hour
        • Lecture4.19
          Nationalist Movement in India 4 20 min
        • Lecture4.20
          Chapter Notes – Nationalism in India
        • Lecture4.21
          NCERT Solutions – Nationalism in India
        • Lecture4.22
          Novels Society and History 1 55 min
        • Lecture4.23
          Novels Society and History 2 32 min
        • Lecture4.24
          Novels Society and History 3 50 min
        • Lecture4.25
          Print Culture and Modern World 1 01 hour
        • Lecture4.26
          Print Culture and Modern World 2 47 min
        • Lecture4.27
          Chapter Notes – Print Culture and Modern World
        • Lecture4.28
          NCERT Solutions – Print Culture and Modern World

        Chapter Notes – Print Culture and Modern World

        The First Printed Books
        Print in China
        • The earliest print technology was developed in China, Japan and Korea. 

        • By the seventeenth century, as urban culture bloomed in China, the uses of print diversified.
        • In the late nineteenth century, western printing techniques and mechanical presses were imported as Western powers established their outposts in China.
        • Shanghai became the hub of the new print culture.
        Print in Japan
        • Around AD 768-770, Buddhist missionaries from China introduced hand-printing technology into Japan.
        • The Buddhist Diamond Sutra was the oldest Japanese book which was printed in AD 868.
        Print Comes to Europe
        • In the 11th century, Chinese paper reached Europe via the silk route.
        • In 1295, Marco Polo, a great explorer, returned to Italy from China and brought printing knowledge back with him.
        • Italians began producing books with woodblocks, and soon the technology spread to other parts of Europe.
        → As the demand for books increased, booksellers all over Europe began exporting books to many different countries.
        • But the production of handwritten manuscripts could not satisfy the ever-increasing demand for books because:
        → Copying was an expensive, laborious and time-consuming business.
        → Manuscripts were fragile, awkward to handle.
        • In the 1430s, Johann Gutenberg invented new printing technology by developing first-known printing press at Strasbourg, Germany.
        Gutenberg and the Printing Press
        • Gutenberg learned the art of polishing stones, became a master goldsmith, and also acquired the expertise to create lead moulds used for making trinkets.
        • Based on this knowledge, Gutenberg adapted existing technology to design his innovation.
        • By 1448, Gutenberg perfected the system.
        → The first book he printed was the Bible.
        • Between 1450 and 1550, printing presses were set up in most countries of Europe.
        The Print Revolution and Its Impact
        A New Reading Public
        • Access to books created a new culture of reading.
        • However, the rates of literacy in most European countries were very low till the twentieth century which was a major hurdle in spreading of this culture.
        • So printers began publishing popular ballads and folk tales, and such books would be profusely illustrated with pictures.
        Religious Debates and the Fear of Print
        • People believed can lead to the fear of the spread of rebellious and irreligious thoughts.
        • In 1517, the religious reformer Martin Luther wrote ‘Ninety Five Theses’ criticising many of the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church.
        → This led to a division within the Church and to the beginning of the Protestant Reformation.
        The Reading Mania
        • By the end of the eighteenth century, in some parts of Europe literacy rates were as high as 60 to 80 percent.
        • In England, Penny chapbooks were carried by petty pedlars known as chapmen and sold for a penny.
        • In France were the ‘Biliotheque Bleue’ – low priced small books printed on poor quality paper and bound in cheap blue covers.
        • Newspapers and journals carried information about wars and trade, as well as news of developments in other places.
        Print Culture and the French Revolution
        • Print culture created the conditions within which French Revolution occurred.
        • Print popularized the ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers.
        • Print created a new culture of dialogue and debate.
        • By the 1780s, literature mocked the royalty and criticized their morality were large in number.
        The Nineteenth Century
        Children, Women and Workers
        • In 1857, in France, a children’s press, devoted to literature for children alone was set up.
        • Women became important as readers as well as writers.
        • Penny Magazines were especially meant for women, manuals teaching proper behaviors and housekeeping.
        • In the nineteenth century, lending libraries in England became a medium for educating white-collar workers, artisans and lower-middle-class people.
        Further Innovations
        • By mid 19th Century, Richard M. Hoe perfected the power driven cylindrical press.
        • In the late 19th century, offset press was developed that can print up to six colours at a time.
        • By the 20th century, electrically operated presses accelerated printing operations.
        India and the World of Print
        Manuscripts Before the Age of Print
        • In India, manuscripts were copied on palm leaves or on handmade paper.
        Print Comes to India
        • In the mid-sixteenth century, the printing press first came to Goa with Portuguese missionaries.
        • By 1674: About 50 books had been printed in Konkani and in Karana languages.
        • Cochin, 1579, Catholic priests printed the first Tamil book
        • In 1713, Catholic priests printed the first Malayalam book
        • By 1710, Dutch Protestant missionaries had printed 32 Tamil texts
        • From 1780: James Augustus Hickey began editing the Bengal Gazette, a weekly magazine.
        Religious Reform and Public Debates
        • From the early nineteenth century, there were intense debates around religious issues.
        • Different groups offered a variety of new interpretations of the beliefs of different religions.
        • In 1821, Rammohun Roy published the Sambad Kaumudi.
        • In 1810, the first printed edition of the Ramcharitmanas of Tulsidas, a 16th century text published in Calcutta.
        New Forms of Publication
        • The novel, a literary firm which had developed in Europe soon acquired distinctively Indian forms and styles.
        • Other new literary forms such as lyrics, short stories, essays about social and political matters also entered the world of reading.
        • Painters like Raja Ravi Varma produced visual images for mass circulation.
        Women and Print
        • Liberal husbands and fathers began educating their womenfolk at home.
        • Conservative Hindus believed that a literate girl would be widowed.
        • Muslims feared that educated women would be corrupted by reading Urdu romances. 

        Print and the Poor People
        • In the 19th century, very cheap and small books were brought to markets.
        • From the late nineteenth century, issues of caste discrimination began to be written about in many printed tracts and essays.
        Print and Censorship
        • Before 1798, the colonial state under the East India Company was not much concerned about censorship.
        • By 1820s, the Calcutta Supreme Court passed certain regulations to control press freedom.
        • After the revolt of 1857, the attitude to freedom of the press changed.
        • In 1878, the Vernacular Press Act was passed which provided the government with extensive rights to censor reports and editorials in the vernacular press.
        → Despite repressive measures, nationalist newspapers grew in numbers in all parts of India.
        Prev Print Culture and Modern World 2
        Next NCERT Solutions – Print Culture and Modern World

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