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Civics
24-
Power Sharing 41 minLecture1.1
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Chapter Notes – Power SharingLecture1.2
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NCERT Solutions – Power SharingLecture1.3
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Federalism 01 hourLecture1.4
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Chapter Notes – FederalismLecture1.5
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NCERT Solutions – FederalismLecture1.6
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Gender Caste 01 hour 04 minLecture1.7
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Chapter Notes – Gender CasteLecture1.8
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NCERT Solutions – Gender CasteLecture1.9
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Popular Struggles 01 hour 18 minLecture1.10
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Chapter Notes – Popular StrugglesLecture1.11
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NCERT Solutions – Popular StrugglesLecture1.12
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Political Parties 55 minLecture1.13
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Chapter Notes – Political PartiesLecture1.14
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NCERT Solutions – Political PartiesLecture1.15
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Democracy and Diversity 49 minLecture1.16
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Chapter Notes – Democracy and DiversityLecture1.17
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NCERT Solutions – Democracy and DiversityLecture1.18
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Outcome of Democracy 41 minLecture1.19
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Chapter Notes – Outcome of DemocracyLecture1.20
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NCERT Solutions – Outcome of DemocracyLecture1.21
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Challenges to Democracy 53 minLecture1.22
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Chapter Notes – Challenges to DemocracyLecture1.23
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NCERT Solutions – Challenges to DemocracyLecture1.24
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Economics
37-
Development 1 – Introduction 57 minLecture2.1
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Development 2 – Levels of Devplopment-Individual 23 minLecture2.2
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Development 3 – Levels of Development-National 32 minLecture2.3
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Development 4 – Development in Country, Type of Resources 10 minLecture2.4
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Development 5 – Levels of Devplopment-Individual_English 23 minLecture2.5
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Development 6 – Levels of Devplopment-National_English 32 minLecture2.6
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Development 7 – Development in Country, Type of Resources_English 10 minLecture2.7
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Chapter Notes – DevelopmentLecture2.8
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NCERT Solutions – DevelopmentLecture2.9
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Money and Credit 1 38 minLecture2.10
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Money and Credit 2 23 minLecture2.11
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Money and Credit 3 23 minLecture2.12
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Chapter Notes – Money and CreditLecture2.13
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NCERT Solutions – Money and CreditLecture2.14
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Sectors of Indian Economy 1- Introduction 44 minLecture2.15
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Sectors of Indian Economy 2 – Some Important Terms, Activity in Primary and Secondary Sector, Teritary Sector 01 hour 06 minLecture2.16
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Sectors of Indian Economy 3 – Devision of Sectors as Organised and Unorganised 21 minLecture2.17
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Sectors of Indian Economy 4 – Some Important Terms, Activity in Primary and Secondary Sector, Teritary Sector_English 01 hour 06 minLecture2.18
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Sectors of Indian Economy 5 – Devision of Sectors as Organised and Unorganised_English 21 minLecture2.19
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Chapter Notes – Sectors of Indian EconomyLecture2.20
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NCERT Solutions – Sectors of Indian EconomyLecture2.21
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 1- Globalization of the Indian Economy 01 hour 39 minLecture2.22
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 2- Economics Polices, Captalist Economy, Socialist Economy 34 minLecture2.23
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 3- Production Activity, Interlinking Production Across Countries 23 minLecture2.24
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 4 – Forien Trade and Integration of Market, 20 minLecture2.25
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 5 – Factors That Have Enabled Globalisation, Steps to Attract Foreign Investment 24 minLecture2.26
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 6 – Economics Polices, Captalist Economy, Socialist Economy_English 34 minLecture2.27
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 7 – Production Activity, Interlinking Production Across Countries_English 23 minLecture2.28
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 8 – Forien Trade and Integration of Market_English 20 minLecture2.29
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 9 – Factors That Have Enabled Globalisation, Steps to Attract Foreign Investment_English 25 minLecture2.30
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Chapter Notes – Globalization of the Indian EconomyLecture2.31
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NCERT Solutions – Globalization of the Indian EconomyLecture2.32
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Consumer Rights 1 – Introduction 45 minLecture2.33
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Consumer Rights 2 – Goods and Services, Unfair Trade Practices 31 minLecture2.34
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Consumer Rights 3 – Different Types of Rights 42 minLecture2.35
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Chapter Notes – Consumer RightsLecture2.36
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NCERT Solutions – Consumer RightsLecture2.37
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Geography
28-
Resources and Development 1 53 minLecture3.1
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Resources and Development 2 44 minLecture3.2
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Chapter Notes – Resources and DevelopmentLecture3.3
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NCERT Solutions – Resources and DevelopmentLecture3.4
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Forest and Wildlife 48 minLecture3.5
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Chapter Notes – Forest and WildlifeLecture3.6
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NCERT Solutions – Forest and WildlifeLecture3.7
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Water Resources 1 12 minLecture3.8
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Water Resources 2 49 minLecture3.9
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Chapter Notes – Water ResourcesLecture3.10
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Agriculture 1 01 hour 06 minLecture3.11
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Agriculture 2 10 minLecture3.12
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Chapter Notes – AgricultureLecture3.13
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Minerals and Energy Resources 1 45 minLecture3.14
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Minerals and Energy Resources 2 58 minLecture3.15
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Minerals and Energy Resources 3 49 minLecture3.16
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Minerals and Energy Resources 4 38 minLecture3.17
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Chapter Notes – Minerals and Energy ResourcesLecture3.18
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Lifeline of National Economy 1 37 minLecture3.19
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Lifeline of National Economy 2 26 minLecture3.20
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Lifeline of National Economy 3 40 minLecture3.21
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Lifeline of National Economy 4 29 minLecture3.22
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Lifeline of National Economy 5 33 minLecture3.23
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Chapter Notes – Lifeline of National EconomyLecture3.24
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NCERT Solutions – Lifeline of National EconomyLecture3.25
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Manufacturing Industries 02 hourLecture3.26
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Chapter Notes – Manufacturing IndustriesLecture3.27
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NCERT Solutions – Manufacturing IndustriesLecture3.28
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History
28-
The Age of Industrialization 01 hourLecture4.1
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Chapter Notes – The Age of IndustrializationLecture4.2
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NCERT Solutions – The Age of IndustrializationLecture4.3
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Rise of Nationalism in Europe 01 hourLecture4.4
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Chapter Notes – Rise of Nationalism in EuropeLecture4.5
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NCERT Solutions – Rise of Nationalism in EuropeLecture4.6
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The Making of a Global World 01 hourLecture4.7
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Chapter Notes – The Making of a Global WorldLecture4.8
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NCERT Solutions – The Making of a Global WorldLecture4.9
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Globalization – Part 1 01 hourLecture4.10
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Globalization – Part 2 42 minLecture4.11
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Work Life Leisure 01 hourLecture4.12
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The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 1 35 minLecture4.13
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The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 2 01 hourLecture4.14
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The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 3 59 minLecture4.15
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Nationalist Movement in India 1 23 minLecture4.16
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Nationalist Movement in India 2 51 minLecture4.17
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Nationalist Movement in India 3 01 hourLecture4.18
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Nationalist Movement in India 4 20 minLecture4.19
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Chapter Notes – Nationalism in IndiaLecture4.20
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NCERT Solutions – Nationalism in IndiaLecture4.21
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Novels Society and History 1 55 minLecture4.22
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Novels Society and History 2 32 minLecture4.23
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Novels Society and History 3 50 minLecture4.24
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Print Culture and Modern World 1 01 hourLecture4.25
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Print Culture and Modern World 2 47 minLecture4.26
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Chapter Notes – Print Culture and Modern WorldLecture4.27
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NCERT Solutions – Print Culture and Modern WorldLecture4.28
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Chapter Notes – Agriculture
Topics in the Chapter
• Introduction
• Types of Farming
• Cropping Pattern
• Major Crops
• Food Crops other than Grains
• Non-Food Crops
• Technological and Institutional Reforms
• Contribution of agriculture to the national economy, employment and output
• Food Security
• Impact of Globalisation on Agriculture
Introduction
• India is an agriculturally important country as two-thirds of its population is engaged in agricultural activities.
Types of Farming
• There are various types of farming systems in different parts of India are:
→ Primitive Subsistence Farming: It is a ‘slash and burn’ agriculture. It is done with the help of primitive tools like hoe, dao and digging sticks, and family/community labour. The farming depends upon monsoon, natural fertility of the soil and suitability of other environmental conditions to the crops grown.
→ Intensive Subsistence Farming: This type of farming is labour-intensive farming, where high doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining higher production.This method is commonly done where less land holding is available.
→ Commercial Farming: This type of farming is done using higher doses of modern inputs, e.g. high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilisers, insecticides and pesticides in order to obtain higher productivity.
• Plantation is also a type of commercial farming.
→ In this type of farming, a single crop is grown on a large area.
Cropping Pattern
• India has three cropping seasons
→ Rabi – Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer from April to June. Important rabi crops are wheat, barley, peas, gram and mustard.
→ Kharif – Kharif crops are grown with the onset of monsoon in different parts of the country and these are harvested in September-October. Important crops grown during this season are paddy, maize, jowar, bajra, tur (arhar), moong, urad, cotton, jute, groundnut and soyabean.
→ Zaid – In between the rabi and the kharif seasons, there is a short season during the summer months known as the Zaid season. Important crops grown are watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber,
vegetables and fodder crops.
Major Crops
• Major crops grown in India are rice, wheat, millets, pulses, tea, coffee, sugarcane, oil seeds, cotton and jute, etc.
• Rice:
→ Staple food crop
→ Our country is the second largest producer of rice in the world after China.
→ It is a kharif crop which requires high temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm.
→ It is grown in the plains of north and north-eastern India, coastal areas and the deltaic regions.
• Wheat:
→ The second most important cereal crop.
→ It is the main food crop, in north and north-western part of the country.
→ It is the main food crop, in north and north-western part of the country.
→ This rabi crop requires a cool growing season with 50 to 75 cm of annual rainfall and a bright sunshine at the time of ripening.
→ Wheat growing regions are the Ganga-Satluj plains in the north- west and black soil region of the Deccan.
• Millets:
→ Jowar, bajra and ragi are the important millets grown in India.
→ These have very high nutritional value.
• Pulses:
→ India is the largest producer as well as the consumer of pulses in the world.
→ Major source of protein in a vegetarian diet.
→ These need less moisture and survive even in dry conditions.
→ Major producing states in India are Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Karnataka.
Food Crops other than Grains
• Sugarcane:
→ These need less moisture and survive even in dry conditions.
→ Major producing states in India are Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Karnataka.
Food Crops other than Grains
• Sugarcane:
→ It is a tropical as well as a subtropical crop.
→ It grows well in hot and humid climate with a temperature of 21°C to 27°C and an annual rainfall between 75 cm. and 100 cm.
→ Major producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab and Haryana.
• Oil Seeds:
→ The oil seeds covers approximately 12 percent of the total cropped area of the country.
→ These are used as cooking mediums as well as used as raw material in the production of soap, cosmetics and ointments.
• Tea:
→ Tea cultivation is an example of plantation agriculture.
→ It is an important beverage crop introduced in India initially by the British.
→ It requires warm and moist frost-free climate with frequent showers all through the year.
→ Major producing states are Assam, hills of Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri districts, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
• Coffee:
→ Indian coffee is known in the world for its good quality.
→ Its cultivation is confined to the Nilgiri in Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
• Horticulture Crops:
→ India is a producer of tropical as well as temperate fruits.
→ India produces about 13 percent of the world’s vegetables.
Non-Food Crops
• Rubber:
→ It is an equatorial crop, but under special conditions, it is also grown in tropical and sub-tropical areas.
→ It requires moist and humid climate with rainfall of more than 200 cm. and temperature above 25°C.
→ It is mainly grown in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andaman and Nicobar islands and Garo hills of Meghalaya.
• Fibre Crops:
→ Cotton, jute, hemp and natural silk are the four major fibre crops grown in India.
→ Rearing of silk worms for the production of silk fibre is known as sericulture.
• Cotton:
→ It is a kharif crop grows well in drier parts of the black cotton soil of the Deccan plateau.
→ It requires high temperature, light rainfall or irrigation, 210 frost-free days and bright sun-shine for its growth.
→ Major producing states are – Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.
• Jute:
→ It grows well on well-drained fertile soils in the flood plains where soils are renewed every year.
→ Major jute-producing states West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, Odisha and Meghalaya.
→ It is used in making gunny bags, mats, ropes, yarn, carpets and other artefacts.
Technological and Institutional Reforms
• More than 60 percent of India’s population depends on agriculture.
• After independence, major institutional reforms such as Collectivisation, consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of zamindari, etc. were given priority.
• In 1960s and 1970s, technical reforms such as Green Revolution and White Revolution also introduced to improved the condition of agriculture.
• In 1980s and 1990s, various provisions for crop insurance, establishment of Grameen banks, cooperative societies and banks for providing loan facilities to the farmers at lower rates of interest.
• Kissan Credit Card (KCC), Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS) are some other schemes introduced by the Government of India for the benefit of the farmers.
• Special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers were introduced on
the radio and television.
• Minimum support price, remunerative and procurement prices for important crops to check the exploitation of farmers by speculators and middlemen.
Contribution of agriculture to the national economy, employment and output
• In 2010-11 about 52 percent of the total workforce of India was employed by the farm sector.
• India’s GDP growth rate is increasing over the years but it is not generating sufficient employment opportunities in the country.
Food Security
• The government designed national food security system to ensure the food security to every citizen:
→ It consists of two components
(a) buffer stock and
(b) public distribution system (PDS)
• Food Corporation of India (FCI) is responsible for procuring and stocking foodgrains, whereas
distribution is ensured by public distribution system (PDS).
• PDS is a programme which provides food grains and other essential commodities at subsidised prices in rural and urban areas.
• The primary objective of national food security are:
→ Ensure availability of foodgrains to the common people at an affordable price.
→ The poor should have access to food.
→ Growth in agriculture production
→ Fixing the support price for procurement of wheat and rice, to maintain their stocks.
Impact of Globalisation on Agriculture
• Globalisation is present at the time of colonisation.
→ During the British period, cotton was exported to Britain as a raw material for their textile industries.
• After 1990, the farmers in India have been exposed to new challenges under globalisation.
→ The agricultural products of India are not able to compete with the developed countries because of the highly subsidised agriculture in those countries.
• Genetic engineering is revolutionising the agricultural production now a days.
• Organic farming is also in fashion these days because it is practised without factory made chemicals such as fertilisers and pesticides. Hence, it does not affect environment in a negative manner.
• Indian farmers should diversify their cropping pattern from cereals to high-value crops which will increase incomes and reduce environmental degradation simultaneously.
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Agriculture 2
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Lot of thanks 🤗
Sir you are the best teacher in this world.