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Civics
24-
Power Sharing 41 minLecture1.1
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Chapter Notes – Power SharingLecture1.2
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NCERT Solutions – Power SharingLecture1.3
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Federalism 01 hourLecture1.4
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Chapter Notes – FederalismLecture1.5
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NCERT Solutions – FederalismLecture1.6
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Gender Caste 01 hour 04 minLecture1.7
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Chapter Notes – Gender CasteLecture1.8
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NCERT Solutions – Gender CasteLecture1.9
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Popular Struggles 01 hour 18 minLecture1.10
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Chapter Notes – Popular StrugglesLecture1.11
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NCERT Solutions – Popular StrugglesLecture1.12
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Political Parties 55 minLecture1.13
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Chapter Notes – Political PartiesLecture1.14
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NCERT Solutions – Political PartiesLecture1.15
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Democracy and Diversity 49 minLecture1.16
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Chapter Notes – Democracy and DiversityLecture1.17
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NCERT Solutions – Democracy and DiversityLecture1.18
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Outcome of Democracy 41 minLecture1.19
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Chapter Notes – Outcome of DemocracyLecture1.20
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NCERT Solutions – Outcome of DemocracyLecture1.21
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Challenges to Democracy 53 minLecture1.22
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Chapter Notes – Challenges to DemocracyLecture1.23
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NCERT Solutions – Challenges to DemocracyLecture1.24
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Economics
37-
Development 1 – Introduction 57 minLecture2.1
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Development 2 – Levels of Devplopment-Individual 23 minLecture2.2
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Development 3 – Levels of Development-National 32 minLecture2.3
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Development 4 – Development in Country, Type of Resources 10 minLecture2.4
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Development 5 – Levels of Devplopment-Individual_English 23 minLecture2.5
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Development 6 – Levels of Devplopment-National_English 32 minLecture2.6
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Development 7 – Development in Country, Type of Resources_English 10 minLecture2.7
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Chapter Notes – DevelopmentLecture2.8
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NCERT Solutions – DevelopmentLecture2.9
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Money and Credit 1 38 minLecture2.10
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Money and Credit 2 23 minLecture2.11
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Money and Credit 3 23 minLecture2.12
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Chapter Notes – Money and CreditLecture2.13
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NCERT Solutions – Money and CreditLecture2.14
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Sectors of Indian Economy 1- Introduction 44 minLecture2.15
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Sectors of Indian Economy 2 – Some Important Terms, Activity in Primary and Secondary Sector, Teritary Sector 01 hour 06 minLecture2.16
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Sectors of Indian Economy 3 – Devision of Sectors as Organised and Unorganised 21 minLecture2.17
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Sectors of Indian Economy 4 – Some Important Terms, Activity in Primary and Secondary Sector, Teritary Sector_English 01 hour 06 minLecture2.18
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Sectors of Indian Economy 5 – Devision of Sectors as Organised and Unorganised_English 21 minLecture2.19
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Chapter Notes – Sectors of Indian EconomyLecture2.20
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NCERT Solutions – Sectors of Indian EconomyLecture2.21
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 1- Globalization of the Indian Economy 01 hour 39 minLecture2.22
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 2- Economics Polices, Captalist Economy, Socialist Economy 34 minLecture2.23
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 3- Production Activity, Interlinking Production Across Countries 23 minLecture2.24
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 4 – Forien Trade and Integration of Market, 20 minLecture2.25
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 5 – Factors That Have Enabled Globalisation, Steps to Attract Foreign Investment 24 minLecture2.26
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 6 – Economics Polices, Captalist Economy, Socialist Economy_English 34 minLecture2.27
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 7 – Production Activity, Interlinking Production Across Countries_English 23 minLecture2.28
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 8 – Forien Trade and Integration of Market_English 20 minLecture2.29
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Globalization of the Indian Economy 9 – Factors That Have Enabled Globalisation, Steps to Attract Foreign Investment_English 25 minLecture2.30
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Chapter Notes – Globalization of the Indian EconomyLecture2.31
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NCERT Solutions – Globalization of the Indian EconomyLecture2.32
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Consumer Rights 1 – Introduction 45 minLecture2.33
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Consumer Rights 2 – Goods and Services, Unfair Trade Practices 31 minLecture2.34
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Consumer Rights 3 – Different Types of Rights 42 minLecture2.35
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Chapter Notes – Consumer RightsLecture2.36
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NCERT Solutions – Consumer RightsLecture2.37
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Geography
28-
Resources and Development 1 53 minLecture3.1
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Resources and Development 2 44 minLecture3.2
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Chapter Notes – Resources and DevelopmentLecture3.3
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NCERT Solutions – Resources and DevelopmentLecture3.4
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Forest and Wildlife 48 minLecture3.5
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Chapter Notes – Forest and WildlifeLecture3.6
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NCERT Solutions – Forest and WildlifeLecture3.7
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Water Resources 1 12 minLecture3.8
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Water Resources 2 49 minLecture3.9
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Chapter Notes – Water ResourcesLecture3.10
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Agriculture 1 01 hour 06 minLecture3.11
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Agriculture 2 10 minLecture3.12
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Chapter Notes – AgricultureLecture3.13
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Minerals and Energy Resources 1 45 minLecture3.14
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Minerals and Energy Resources 2 58 minLecture3.15
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Minerals and Energy Resources 3 49 minLecture3.16
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Minerals and Energy Resources 4 38 minLecture3.17
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Chapter Notes – Minerals and Energy ResourcesLecture3.18
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Lifeline of National Economy 1 37 minLecture3.19
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Lifeline of National Economy 2 26 minLecture3.20
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Lifeline of National Economy 3 40 minLecture3.21
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Lifeline of National Economy 4 29 minLecture3.22
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Lifeline of National Economy 5 33 minLecture3.23
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Chapter Notes – Lifeline of National EconomyLecture3.24
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NCERT Solutions – Lifeline of National EconomyLecture3.25
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Manufacturing Industries 02 hourLecture3.26
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Chapter Notes – Manufacturing IndustriesLecture3.27
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NCERT Solutions – Manufacturing IndustriesLecture3.28
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History
28-
The Age of Industrialization 01 hourLecture4.1
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Chapter Notes – The Age of IndustrializationLecture4.2
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NCERT Solutions – The Age of IndustrializationLecture4.3
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Rise of Nationalism in Europe 01 hourLecture4.4
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Chapter Notes – Rise of Nationalism in EuropeLecture4.5
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NCERT Solutions – Rise of Nationalism in EuropeLecture4.6
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The Making of a Global World 01 hourLecture4.7
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Chapter Notes – The Making of a Global WorldLecture4.8
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NCERT Solutions – The Making of a Global WorldLecture4.9
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Globalization – Part 1 01 hourLecture4.10
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Globalization – Part 2 42 minLecture4.11
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Work Life Leisure 01 hourLecture4.12
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The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 1 35 minLecture4.13
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The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 2 01 hourLecture4.14
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The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China 3 59 minLecture4.15
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Nationalist Movement in India 1 23 minLecture4.16
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Nationalist Movement in India 2 51 minLecture4.17
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Nationalist Movement in India 3 01 hourLecture4.18
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Nationalist Movement in India 4 20 minLecture4.19
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Chapter Notes – Nationalism in IndiaLecture4.20
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NCERT Solutions – Nationalism in IndiaLecture4.21
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Novels Society and History 1 55 minLecture4.22
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Novels Society and History 2 32 minLecture4.23
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Novels Society and History 3 50 minLecture4.24
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Print Culture and Modern World 1 01 hourLecture4.25
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Print Culture and Modern World 2 47 minLecture4.26
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Chapter Notes – Print Culture and Modern WorldLecture4.27
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NCERT Solutions – Print Culture and Modern WorldLecture4.28
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Chapter Notes – Nationalism in India
Introduction
• Modern nationalism was associated with the formation of nation-states.
• In India like many other colonies, the growth of modern nationalism is connected to the anti-colonial movement.
The First World War, Khilafat and Non-Cooperation
• The First World War (1914-1918) created a new political and economic situation.
• India faced various problems during war period:
→ Increase in defence expenditure.
→ Prices increased through the war years.
→ Forced recruitment in rural areas.
• During 1918-19 and 1920-21, crops failure in many parts of India.
• Hardships did not end after the war was over.
The Idea of Satyagraha
• Satyagraha is a novel way of fighting the colonial rule in India.
→ It is a non-aggressive, peaceful mass agitation against oppression and injustice.
• Satyagraha means insistence on truth.
• It is a moral force, not passive resistance.
• In January 1915, Mahatma Gandhi returned to India.
• Gandhiji organised Satyagraha Movements in Champaran, Bihar (1916), Kheda district of Gujarat (1917) and amongst cotton mill workers in Ahmedabad (1918).
The Rowlatt Act (1919)
• This act gave the government enormous powers to repress political activities and allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for two years.
Jallianwala Bagh massacre
• On 13th April 1919, a huge crowd gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwalla Bagh.
• Dyer entered the area, blocked the exit points, and opened fire on the crowd, killing hundreds.
• As the news spread, strikes, clashes with the police and attacks on government buildings started.
• The government responded with brutal repression.
• Gandhi called off the Rowlatt satyagraha as the violence spread.
Khilafat Movement
• Khilafat Movement was led by two brothers Shaukat Ali and Muhammad Ali.
• Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay in March 1919 to defend the Khalifa’s temporal powers.
• Gandhiji convinced the Congress to join hands with the Khilafat Movement and start a Non-Cooperation Campaign for Swaraj.
• At the Congress session at Nagpur in December 1920, the Non-Cooperation programme was adopted.
Differing strands within the movement
• The Non-Cooperation-Khilafat Movement began in January 1921.
The Movement in the Towns
• It started with middle class participation in cities.
• Students, teachers, lawyers gave up studies, jobs, legal practices and joined movements.
• Council elections were boycotted.
• Foreign goods were boycotted.
• Liquor shops were picketed.
Movement in the countryside
• Peasants and tribals took over the struggle which turned violent gradually.
Peasant Movement in Awadh
• The peasants were led by Baba Ramchandra in Awadh against landlords and talukdars.
• In 1920, the Oudh Kisan Sabha was set up headed by Jawaharlal Nehru, Baba Ramchandra and a few others.
Movement of Tribals in Andhra Pradesh
• Alluri Sitaram Raju led the guerrilla warfare in the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh.
• The rebels attacked police stations.
• Raju was captured and executed in 1924.
Swaraj in the Plantations
• For the plantation workers, Swaraj means moving freely.
• They protested against the Inland Emigration Act (1859) which prevented them from leaving the plantation without permission.
• Each group interpreted the term swaraj in their own ways.
Towards Civil Disobedience
• In February 1922, Mahatma Gandhi decided to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement.
• Many leaders such as C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Party within the Congress to argue for a return to council politics.
• Younger leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose pressed for more radical mass agitation and for full independence.
Factors that shaped Indian politics towards the late 1920s
• The Worldwide Economic Depression
→ Agricultural prices collapsed after 1930 as the demand for agricultural goods fell and exports declined.
• Simon Commission
→ It was constituted by the Tory government of Britain to look into the demands of the nationalists and suggest changes in the constitutional structure of India.
→ The Commission arrived in India in 1928.
→ The Congress protested against this commission.
The Salt March and the Civil Disobedience Movement
• Gandhiji chose salt as the medium that could unite the nation as it is consumed by all the sections of the society.
Salt March
• Salt or Dandi March began on March 12, 1930.
→ On 6th April 1930, Gandhiji reached Dandi, a village in Gujarat and broke the Salt Law by boiling water and manufacturing salt.
→ Thus, it began the Civil Disobedience Movement.
• It was different from Non-Cooperation Movement as people were now asked not only to refuse cooperation but also to break colonial laws.
• Boycott of foreign goods, non-payment of taxes, breaking forest laws were its main features.
• The British Government followed a policy of brutal repression.
• British government arrested all the leaders including Gandhiji and Nehru.
• Mahatma Gandhi called off the movement.
Gandhi-Irwin Pact
• On 5 March, 1931, Lord Irwin, the Viceroy, signed a pact with Gandhi.
• In December, 1931, Gandhiji went to London for the Second Round Table Conference but returned disappointed.
• Gandhi relaunched the Civil Disobedience Movement but by 1934 it lost its momentum.
How Participants saw the Movement
Rich peasants
• Rich peasant communities expected the revenue tax to be reduced, when the British refused to do so, they did join the movement.
→ They did not rejoin the movement as the movement was called without revising the revenue rates.
Poor Peasants
• The poor peasants wanted rents of lands to be remitted.
→ The Congress was unwilling to support the “no rent” campaigns due to the fear of upsetting the rich peasants and landlords.
Business Classes
• After the war, their huge profits were reduced, wanted protection against import of foreign goods. → The spread of militant activities, worries of prolonged business disruptions, growing influences of socialism amongst the young Congress forced them not to join the movement.
Women
→ Congress was reluctant to allow women to hold any position of authority within the organisation.
Limits of Civil Disobedience
• The Dalits or the Untouchables did not actively participate in the movement, they demanded reservation of seats, separate electorates.
• Dr B.R. Ambedkar, the leader of the Dalits, formed an association in 1930, called the Depressed Classes Association.
• He clashed with Gandhiji.
• Poona Pact between the Gandhiji and B.R. Ambedkar (1932) gave reserved seats in Provincial and Central Councils but were voted by general electorate.
• The leader of the Muslim League M.A. Jinnah wanted reserved seats for Muslims in Central Assembly.
→ Large sections of Muslims did not participate in the Civil disobedience movement.
The Sense of Collective Belonging
• The sense of collective belonging came partly through the experience of united struggles.
• History and fiction, folklore and songs, popular prints and symbols, all played a part in the making of nationalism.
• By 1921, Gandhiji had designed the Swaraj flag. It was again a tricolour (red, green and white) and had a spinning wheel in the centre.