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Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
Geography
5-
Natural Vegetation-Introduction, Virgin Vegetation and its Types, Factors Affecting Vegetation in India 23 minLecture1.1
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Types of Vegetation in Different 41 minLecture1.2
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Wildlife-Introduction, Wildlife in Different Forests of India, Biodiversity, Biosphere Reserves, National Parks, Wildlife sanctuaries, Zoological Gardens 31 minLecture1.3
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Chapter Notes – Natural Vegetation and WildlifeLecture1.4
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NCERT Solutions – Natural Vegetation and WildlifeLecture1.5
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Climate
Geography
6-
Climate and Weather, Climate of India, Factors Affecting Climate-Latitude, Altitude, Pressure and Wind, Distance from Sea Level, Ocean Current, Relief Feature 33 minLecture2.1
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Factors Affecting Climate of India-Latitude, Altitude, Pressure and Wind 31 minLecture2.2
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Indian Monsoon, Mechanism of Monsoon Winds 40 minLecture2.3
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Onset & Withdrawal of Monsoon, Seasons 37 minLecture2.4
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Chapter Notes – ClimateLecture2.5
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NCERT Solutions – ClimateLecture2.6
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Population
Geography
5-
Introduction, Census, Population Size and Distribution, Density of Population, 2011 46 minLecture3.1
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Population Growth and Process of Population Change, Characteristics or Qualities of the Population 50 minLecture3.2
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Characteristics or Qualities of the Population cont. 29 minLecture3.3
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Chapter Notes – PopulationLecture3.4
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NCERT Solutions – PopulationLecture3.5
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Poverty as a Challenge
Economics
4-
Introduction, Poverty Means, Poverty as seen by Social Scientists, Social Exclusion, Vulnerability, When To call a person Poor?, Basics needs for Living in India, Minimum Level of Food Required 48 minLecture4.1
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Poverty Estimates, Vulnerability, Inter-State Disparities, Global Poverty Scenario, Causes of Poverty, Anti-Poverty Measures, Challenge Ahead 01 hourLecture4.2
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Chapter Notes – Poverty as a ChallengeLecture4.3
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NCERT Solutions – Poverty as a ChallengeLecture4.4
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Food Security
Economics
4-
Buffer Stock, Public Distribution System, National Food for Work Programme, Antyodaya Anna Yojana, Criticism Faced By PDS, Role of Cooperatives in Food Security 42 minLecture5.1
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What is food Security?, How is food security affected during a calamity?, Present Scenario, Who are food-insecure?, Hunger 23 minLecture5.2
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Chapter Notes – Food SecurityLecture5.3
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NCERT Solutions – Food SecurityLecture5.4
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People as Resource
Economics
4-
Introduction, Some Important Terms, Activities, Economic Activities by Man and Women 35 minLecture6.1
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Quality of Population, Education, Health, Unemployment and its Impacts 52 minLecture6.2
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Chapter Notes – People as ResourceLecture6.3
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NCERT Solutions – People as ResourceLecture6.4
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The Story of Village Palampur
Economics
4-
Goods and Services in Villages, Families in Palampur, Organization of Production, Farming in Palampur, Raising Farm Production 38 minLecture7.1
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Modern Farming Methods, Consequences, Land Distribution B/w Farmers, Work on the Fields, Farmers and Farm Labour, Non Farming Activities in Palampur 44 minLecture7.2
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Chapter Notes – The Story of Village PalampurLecture7.3
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NCERT Solutions – The Story of Village PalampurLecture7.4
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NCERT Solutions – Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
Q.1 Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:
(i) To which one of the following types of vegetation does rubber belong to?
(a) Tundra
(b) Himalayan
(c) Tidal
(d) Tropical Evergreen
Sol. (d) Tropical Evergreen
(ii) Cinchona trees are found in the areas of rainfall more than
(a) 100 cm
(b) 70 cm
(c) 50 cm
(d) less than 50 cm
Sol. (a) 100 cm
(iii) In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located?
(a) Punjab
(b) Delhi
(c) Odisha
(d) West Bengal
Sol. (d) West Bengal
(iv) Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not included in the world network of bioreserve?
(a) Manas
(b) Gulf of Mannar
(c) Nilgiri
(d) Nanda devi
Sol. (a) Manas
Q.2 Answer the following questions briefly.
(i) Define an ecosystem.
Sol. All the plants and animals in an area are interdependent on each other. The plants and animals; along with their physical environment make the ecosystem.
(ii) What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?
Sol. Relief (Land and soil) and Climate (Temperature, humidity, photoperiod and precipitation) are the factors which are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India.
(iii) What is a bio-reserve? Give two examples.
Sol. A biosphere reserve is an area proposed by its residents, ratified by a national committee, and designated by UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere (MAB) program, which demonstrates innovative approaches to living and working in harmony with nature. (ref: Wikipedia)
(iv) Name two animals having habitat in tropical and montane type of vegetation.
Sol. Tropical (Elephant, deer) and Montane (yak, snow leopard)
Q.3 Distinguish between
(i) Flora and Fauna
Sol. Plant species comprise the flora, while animal species comprise the fauna.
(ii) Tropical Evergreen and Deciduous forests
Sol. Trees of evergreen forests do not shed their leaves at a fixed time in a year, while trees of deciduous forest shed their leaves at a fixed time in a year.
Q.4 Name different types of Vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high altitudes.
Sol. There are five major types of vegetation in India: Tropical Rainforests, Tropical Deciduous Forests, Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs, Montane Forests and Mangrove Forests.
Montane Forest: The forests in the mountainous areas are called montane forest. These forests are mainly found along the southern slopes of the Himalayas and at high altitudes in southern and north-eastern India. Kashmir stag, spotted deer, wild sheep, jack rabbit, Tibetan antelope, yak, snow leopard, squirrels, Shaggy horn wild ibex, bear, rare red panda, sheep and goats are the common animals in these forests.
Q.5 Quite a few species of plants and animals are endangered in India. Why?
Sol. Large scale deforestation has reduced the natural habitat of many plants and animals. Due to this, many species of plants and animals are endangered in India.
Q.6 Why has India a rich heritage of flora and fauna?
Sol. India has a variety of climatic conditions; like tropical, subtropical, desert and mountainous. Due to this, there are enough habitats for a large variety of flora and fauna. Due to this, India has a rich heritage of flora and fauna.